Fatores que influenciam na autoeficácia materna para a amamentação: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

The practice of breastfeeding and its advantages have been widely discussed in the scientific literature. There is evidence of benefits for the child's health in the short and long term, involving the mother's health, the family and society. One of the aspects that helps a mother increase her desire to breastfeed is her self-efficacy, i.e. the mother must believe and be confident that she has enough knowledge and skills to breastfeed her baby. This study aimed to identify the factors that influence maternal self-efficacy for breastfeeding. This is a literature review, using studies published in full, available online, in Portuguese, in the last ten years. After reading and analysis, the factors that positively and negatively influence maternal self-efficacy for breastfeeding and the importance of nurses in this context were found. The literature shows that socio-economic and cultural aspects, family support and previous experiences can be positive for maternal self-efficacy to breastfeed. However, difficulties related to mental health, such as depression and anxiety, and nipple trauma have a negative influence on maternal self-efficacy for breastfeeding. In this context, nurses are a relevant professional, as they enable the binomial to be better welcomed, helping to create a better bond and bringing better self-efficacy to the mother during breastfeeding. It is essential for health professionals to have the skills and abilities to provide qualified care, seeking attitudes that motivate self-efficacy.