A utilização do leite materno, lanolina e laserterapia para o tratamento dos traumas mamilares: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Nipple trauma has become a more evident issue, as it is a relevant factor in discontinuing breastfeeding, known as early weaning. It has become a common postpartum complication and brings undesirable symptoms that go beyond discomfort. Given this, it is important to identify articles published in the literature that present interventions seeking to minimize the effects of these injuries. The objective of this work was to analyze the publications inherent to the interventions mentioned above that contributed to the improvement of traumas in the nipple region. This is an integrative review carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), PubMed Central (PMC), Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Elton B. Stephens Company (EBSCO) and Latin American Literature in Health Sciences databases. Health (LILACS) of articles published in the last 10 years, in Portuguese and English. The search returned 47 studies and using exclusion criteria such as gray literature, duplicate articles and reviews, 12 articles were selected. The articles presented demonstrated that breast milk, leisure therapy and lanolin are effective in the treatment of nipple trauma, making clear the importance of education on breastfeeding management, such as latching, folding and the correct position of the newborn associated with the treatment. Lanolin has been extensively studied due to its important role in hydration, which is directly related to the treatment of nipple trauma. In relation to leisure therapy, the pain response acts on the smooth vascular muscles, reducing pain in the injured region, becoming one of the main benefits of low-intensity laser.