Estudo dos dados epidemiológicos e possível relação com a via de parto em gestantes de 35 a 49 anos, de 2010 a 2020, em Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo)

Abstract

In recent years, the topic of childbirth has received increasing attention in Brazilian social sciences. In large part, this is due to the discussion about humanization in childbirth. On the other hand, the increase in cesarean section rates increasingly concerns researchers, policymakers, health professionals and civil society, since the surgery is related to negative short- and long-term outcomes, both for women and for newborns. The objective of this work was to evaluate the possible relationship between the data collected and the criteria used to choose pregnancy resolution, covering possible complications and inadequate information, justified by the incongruity between the health network and the target audience. Data collection was carried out in DATASUS, through Tabnet – SISVAN of the epidemiological profile of pregnant women aged 35 to 49 and information about their births during the period from 2010 to 2020 in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo. Data from 16,030 pregnant women were analyzed and represent 17.53% of the total number of pregnant women in the same period in Ribeirão Preto/SP. During this 10-year period, 4,502 normal births (28%) and 11,528 (71.9%) cesarean sections were performed. At the time of delivery, 13,791 (86%) between the 37th and 41st week of pregnancy. In relation to the babies born, 1,426 (8.89%) weighed less than 2,500g at birth, 910 (5.67%) had an Apgar score between 0 and 5 in the first minute of life. National statistics indicate more than 55% of births are discharged, with the rates found in the age group of this study being even higher.